The employment conditions of adventure tourism employees in Gauteng.
Ntanjana, Athenkosi
Ntanjana, Athenkosi
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Abstract
The primary objective of the study was to ascertain the employment conditions of adventure tourism employees in Gauteng. The literature reviewed showed that
employment conditions in adventure tourism are not conducive to the well-being of employees. The literature review also revealed that there is a paucity of similar studies
both internationally and nationally regarding the employment conditions of adventure tourism employees. The research approach of this study was quantitative, and the research design was a survey. Since this study was quantitative, the research epistemology was positivism. A convenience sampling technique was used, and the sample size was 138. The
research tool employed was a self-completion questionnaire. Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. In terms of the former, pie charts, bar charts and
frequency tables were used. For inferential statistics, exploratory factor analysis and the Fisher’s exact test were conducted. The factors that were clustered through the
exploratory factor analysis were intrinsic factors, extrinsic factors, labour relations, health and safety, employment relations, remuneration, physical equipment and basic
conditions. The major findings of the study demonstrated that the majority of respondents were dissatisfied with their salaries, the long working hours and the insufficient number of
meal breaks. There were no differences regarding gender, contract and factors extracted from the exploratory factor analysis, except in relation to the working hours and the formal written contracts. Limitations and recommendations of the study were discussed. In terms of theoretical contribution, this study partially confirmed Herzberg’s theory, except with regard to remuneration. Empirically, this study brought an understanding of employment conditions in adventure tourism in a South African context, which could be useful to human resource managers in the adventure tourism industry.
Description
Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree, Magister Technologiae: Tourism and Hospitality Management
in the Department of Tourism Management, Faculty of Management Sciences at the Tshwane University of Technology
Date
2016-06-01
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Tshwane University of Technology
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Keywords
Adventure tourism, Employment conditions, Labour relations, Herzberg’s two-factor theory, Mass tourism