Alkylphenols and alkylphenol ethoxylates in dust from homes, offices and computer laboratories: Implication for personal exposure via inadvertent dust ingestion.
Abafe, Ovokeroye A. Chokwe, Tlou B. Okonkwo, Onathan O. Martincigh, Bice S.
Abafe, Ovokeroye A.
Chokwe, Tlou B.
Okonkwo, Onathan O.
Martincigh, Bice S.
Citations
Altmetric:
Abstract
In the present study, the levels of alkylphenols (APs) and alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEs) in indoor dust of three different microenvironments were measured and daily intake via dust ingestion estimated. Alkylphenols and alkylphenol ethoxylates were extracted with the aid of sonication and analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry after heptafluorobutyric anhydride derivatization. The concentration values of these pollutants ranged from 1918e10 935 ng g1; 343e12 438 ng g1 and 1122 e15 324 ng g1 in dust samples from homes, computer laboratories and offices, respectively. In all the microenvironment studied, di-NPE and mono-NPE were the most abundant isomers suggesting wide spread use of NPE-based consumer products in the studied microenvironments. The daily exposure dose (DED) was estimated using min, mean and max concentrations of APs and APEs detected in respected microenvironments. The worst case scenario for the exposure of APEs was highest for toddlers at 146 ng kg1 bw day1 followed by teenagers at 11.3 ng kg1 bw day1 and adults at daily exposure of 8.53 ng kg1 bw day1. Though the daily exposure doses are low, there is a cause for concern as these
surfactants are not regulated in many developing countries and their use may be increasing.
Description
Date
2018-01-16
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Elsevier
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Journal Issue
Keywords
Alkylphenols, Alkylphenol ethoxylates, Concentrations, Indoor dust, Exposure assessment