Adebayo, Salmon A.Steel, Helen C.Shai, Leshweni J.Eloff, Jacobus N.2024-10-312024-10-312017-05-192515-690X (P)2515-690X (E)https://doi.org/10.1177/2156587217717417https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14519/935Peltophorum africanum extracts have been shown to possess many important medicinal benefits, including anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities. However, the mechanism of action is poorly understood. The mechanism of anti-inflammatory action was determined by measuring the synthesis of cytokines in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells in vitro. Compound 1 (CP1), compound 2 (CP2), and fraction F3.3.0 (F3.3.0) significantly reduced the synthesis of interleukin 1b (IL-1b) from RAW 264.7 cells (1.18, 1.32, and 0.92 ng/mL), respectively. Similarly, CP1, CP2, and F3.3.0 inhibited the production of IL-2 and tumor necrosis factor–a (TNF-a) by RAW 264.7 cells (0.41, 0.60, 0.74 and 0.11, 0.27, 0.24 ng/mL, respectively. In addition, CP1 and CP2 had lower cytotoxicity toward RAW 264.7 cells, with CP2 indicating the lowest cytotoxicity (LD50 ¼ 207.88 mg/mL). The mechanism of action was found to be via the inhibition of pro-inflammation cytokines (IL-1 b and TNF-a). This observation may support the use of P africanum to treat pain-related conditions840-845 PagesenAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/IL-1bIL-2TNF-aAnti-inflammatoryRAW 264.7Peltophorum africanumArticle