Ramaripa, Phuti SModibane, Kwena D.Makgopa, KatlegoSeerane, Ostar AMaubane-Nkadimeng, Manoko S.Makhado, EdwinHato, Mpitloane J.Ramoroka, Morongwa E.Molapo, Kerileng M.Iwuoha, Emmanuel2024-11-212024-11-212022-08-302666-4690https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpap.2022.100142https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14519/1084Titanium dioxide/metal organic framework (TiO 2 /MOF) nanocomposite was prepared using the sol-gel method and was employed as photoanode material for photovoltaic applications. X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis/ differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA), and Raman analyses showed the presence of MOF clusters in the TiO 2 sol-gel network. The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images revealed the smooth irregular shape of TiO 2, the octahedral shape of MOF, and the continuous arrangement of pore-solid network structure for nanocomposite. The resultant nanocomposite material showed a Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) surface area of 111.10 m 2 g − 1 as compared to the surface area of TiO 2 (262.90 m 2 g −1 ) and MOF (464.76 m 2 g -1 ). It was seen that an increase in average pore size of 3.40 nm for nanocomposite analogous with the pore size of TiO 2 (2.66 nm) and MOF (2.56 nm). Cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and chronoamperometry (CA) were used to determine the energy level and suggest a fast electron transfer as well as high ionic conductivity. The overall power conversion efficiency of 0.722% along with a photocurrent density of 0.46 mA cm − 2 was achieved for composite. The approach proposed in this work is facile and can be used for the large-scale fabrication of efficient flexible photoanode electrodes for photovoltaic applications.1-10 PagesenAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ElectrochemistryMetal-organic frameworksCompositeTitanium dioxidePhotovoltaic studiesArticle