Fabrication, characterization, and photovoltaic performance of titanium dioxide/metal-organic framework composite.
Ramaripa, Phuti S Modibane, Kwena D. Makgopa, Katlego Seerane, Ostar A Maubane-Nkadimeng, Manoko S. Makhado, Edwin Hato, Mpitloane J. Ramoroka, Morongwa E. Molapo, Kerileng M. Iwuoha, Emmanuel
Ramaripa, Phuti S
Modibane, Kwena D.
Makgopa, Katlego
Seerane, Ostar A
Maubane-Nkadimeng, Manoko S.
Makhado, Edwin
Hato, Mpitloane J.
Ramoroka, Morongwa E.
Molapo, Kerileng M.
Iwuoha, Emmanuel
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Abstract
Titanium dioxide/metal organic framework (TiO 2 /MOF) nanocomposite was prepared using the sol-gel method and was employed as photoanode material for photovoltaic applications. X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis/ differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA), and Raman analyses showed the presence of MOF clusters in the TiO 2 sol-gel network. The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images revealed the smooth irregular shape of TiO 2, the octahedral shape of MOF, and the continuous arrangement of pore-solid network structure for nanocomposite. The resultant nanocomposite material showed a Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) surface area of 111.10 m 2 g − 1 as compared to the surface area of TiO 2 (262.90 m 2 g −1 ) and MOF (464.76 m 2 g -1 ). It was seen that an increase in average pore size of 3.40 nm for nanocomposite analogous with the pore size of TiO 2 (2.66 nm) and MOF (2.56 nm). Cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and chronoamperometry (CA) were used to determine the energy level and suggest a fast electron transfer as well as high ionic conductivity. The overall power conversion efficiency of 0.722% along with a photocurrent density of 0.46 mA cm − 2 was achieved for composite. The approach proposed in this work is facile and can be used for the large-scale fabrication of efficient flexible photoanode electrodes for photovoltaic applications.
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Date
2022-08-30
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Elsevier B.V.
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Keywords
Electrochemistry, Metal-organic frameworks, Composite, Titanium dioxide, Photovoltaic studies